C++ Final Review Solutions

1. Give a short definition of each of the following words. (all are on the final!)
a. return value-the number (or other data) returned by a method.
b. declaration--telling C++ to make a "mailbox".  e.g. int nNum;
c. intialization--putting a number or value in a "mailbox" for the first time.
d. garbage--an unintialized value.  What's "left over" in the mailbox if you don't initialize it.
e. enum--a shortcut to making more than one integer constant.
f. Cast-temporarily treating data like another data type. (e.g. int(dDouble)).
g. break-"jumps" to end of block of code.
h. Syntax error-a spelling error or typo in code.
i. out-of-bounds index-an integer in square brackets that is too large or too small. 
j. case-part of a switch statement.
k. Argument-data that is passed to a method.
l. Parameter-same as an argument.
m. actual argument--argument in function call.
n. formal argument--argument in function header or prototype.
o. #include--includes other programmers code in your program.
p. void-"nothing"
q. keyword-a word that has special meaning and cannot be used as the name of a variable or method.
r. Hungarian notation-a system for naming variables and methods.
s. long-a bigger mailbox than int for holding integers.
t. Literal-NOT a variable (e.g. 3, 'c' or "Hello"  NOT nNum, cChar or sString)
u. Relational operator- > < >= <= == !=
v. Logical operator- && || !
w. Assignment operator--the single equals =



2. Complete the following code fragment so that it displays the sum of all the multiples of 3 from 1 to nNum. (Assume that nNum has already been declared and initialized)

	int nInt, nSum;

        _ nSum = 0 _;

        for (_ nInt = 1; nInt <= nNum; nInt++_)
        {

              if (_ nInt % 3 == 0 __)
             	nSum = nSum + nInt;
        }
	 cout<<nSum;

3. Explain why each of the following assignment statements is invalid.
a. int 2Age = 45;
can't use a number for first character in variable name.
b. char cLetter = "C";
chars use single quotes, not double quotes
c. float fWeight = "43.0";
no quote marks should be used with floats (or any other numeric data type)
d. int Joe'sKids = 4;
can't use ' as part of variable name
e. int nPrice = 243.67;
can't store decimals in an int
f. nPrice = !nPrice;
! can only be used with true and false.


4. Assume that variable exp1 is equal to true, exp2 is equal to false, and exp3 is equal to true.  Evaluate the following expressions.
a. exp1 || exp2 && exp3
true
b. exp1 && exp2
false
c. exp1 && exp2 || exp3
true
d. exp1 || exp3
ture
e. (exp1 || exp2) && exp3
ture
f. !exp1
flase

5. Given the following nested Java if statement:
if(nA == nB)
	nX = 10;
else if(nC == nD)
	nX = 55;
else
	nX = 100;
what is the value of nX under the following conditions?
a. nA = 5, nB = 1, nC = 100, nD = 50
b. nA = 5, nB = 10, nD = 0, nD = 4
c. nA = 0, nB = 100, nC = 5, nD = 0
nX is 100 in all three
6. Given the following logical expression:
(nA == nB) && (nA != nC)
evaluate the expression under the following conditions:
a. nA = 0, nB = 0, nC = 5
true
b. nA = 1, nB = 50, nC = 100
false

7. Given the following nested loop, how many times will the System.out.println() be executed?
int nX = 1;
int nI = 1;
while(nI < 25)
{
	int nJ = 100;
	while nJ > 50)
      {
		nX = nX + (nI * nJ);
		nJ -= 10;
		System.out.prinln("hello");
	}
	nI = nI + 5;
}

hello will be displayed 25 times, the outer loop will run 5 times (nI = 1, 6, 11, 16, 21) and the inner loop will run 5 times (nJ = 100, 90 , 80, 70, 60)